|
Robert Earl Wise (September 10, 1914 – September 14, 2005) was an American film director, producer and editor. He won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for both ''West Side Story'' (1961) and ''The Sound of Music'' (1965). He was also nominated for Best Film Editing for ''Citizen Kane'' (1941) and directed and produced ''The Sand Pebbles'' (1966), which was nominated for Best Picture. Among his other films are ''The Body Snatcher'' (1945), ''Born to Kill'' (1947), ''The Set-Up'' (1949), ''The Day the Earth Stood Still'' (1951), ''Destination Gobi'' (1953), ''This Could Be The Night'' (1957), ''Run Silent, Run Deep'' (1958), ''I Want to Live!'' (1958), ''The Haunting'' (1963), ''The Andromeda Strain'' (1971), ''The Hindenburg'' (1975) and ''Star Trek: The Motion Picture'' (1979). Wise was the president of the Directors Guild of America from 1971 to 1975 and the president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 1984 through 1987. Often contrasted with ''auteur'' directors such as Stanley Kubrick, who tended to bring a distinctive directorial "look" to a particular genre, Wise has been viewed as a craftsman, inclined to let the (sometimes studio-assigned) story concept set the style. Later ''cineastes'', such as Martin Scorsese, insist that despite Wise's legendary workaday concentration on stylistic perfection within the confines of genre and budget, his choice of subject matter and approach still functioned to identify Wise as an artist and not merely an artisan. Wise achieved critical success as a director in a striking variety of film genres: horror, noir, western, war, science fiction, musical and drama, with many repeat successes within each genre. Wise's meticulous preparation may have been largely motivated by studio budget constraints, but advanced the moviemaking art. Robert Wise received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1998. ==Early years== Wise was born in Winchester, Randolph County, Indiana, the youngest son of Olive R. (née Longenecker) and Earl W. Wise, a meat packer.〔(Robert E. Wise Biography (1914-) ). Filmreference.com. Retrieved on 2014-05-22.〕 The family moved to Connersville, Fayette County, Indiana, where Wise attended public schools. As a youth Wise's favorite pastime was going to the movies.〔Gehring, p. 3.〕 As a student at Connersville High School, Wise wrote humor and sports columns for the school's newspaper and was a member of the yearbook staff and poetry club.〔Gehring, p. 6 and 17.〕〔The Connersville High School's auditorium, the Robert E. Wise Center for Performing Arts, was named in his honor in 1990. See 〕 Wise initially sought a career in journalism and following graduation from high school attended Franklin College, a small liberal arts college south of Indianapolis, Indiana, on a scholarship.〔Gehring, p. 17, 19.〕 In 1933, due to the family's poor financial situation during the Great Depression, Wise was unable to return to college for his second year and moved to Hollywood to begin a lifelong career in the film industry. Wise's older brother, David, who had gone to Hollywood several years earlier and worked at RKO Pictures, found his younger brother a job in the shipping department at RKO.〔Gehring, p. 20.〕 Wise worked odd jobs at the studio before moving into editing.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robert Wise」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|